Aldosterone symptoms and conditions

I am asking a question on behalf of my brother. He had a stent inserted about 5 years ago due to blockage in one artery. The doctor put him on 20mg Lipitor and Plavix. Ever since then he has been getting Afib. Twice he has had to go to the hospital to get his heart back in rythm and other times he's able to get it back on his own. He has cut back to 10mg Lipitor and takes 100 mg COQ10. Has anyone else had Afib with Lipitor? He seems to think it's the stent causing it and I'm convinced it's the Lipitor. By the way, his cholesterol was not high, only his triglycerides. Thanks for any input.

I had been Yasmin using 5 years and about 3 years ago was diagnosed with secondary hyperaldosteronism. I caught it because I had extremely high blood pressure at 21 years of age. I had a blood test done 2 years ago and I had elevated aldosterone levels around 150.The elevated levels continued until present (9/08) (I was taking Yasmin at the time) About 2 months ago my doctor took me off of Yasmin and within 3 weeks my aldosterone was down to 81.7. Still high but very suspicious that it went down by almost half after I had stopped taking Yasmin.

Hello EveryOne out there...OK OK....

Now Why have I been out of touch since Sept 14th.... 2007???

I have been VERY VERY ill.....

Y'See, I went to see this new Doctor (Quack) for continued pain in my chest (sternum) area....that I have been having trouble with all Summer. (Severe Costochondritis/Fibromyalgia) By Sept 14th, this Quack who claims to be a Doctor had given me this prescription for Prednisone pills (20 mg each)....with orders to take mega doses of this toxic poison in order to combat the pain I was suffering. I was so desperate to get out of pain that I went ahead and filled the prescription and started taking the pills that eventful Friday night. I made the fatal mistake of trusting this Doctor!!!

If I had any sense God gave green apples I would have researched this a little before taking this medicine!! I would have run like all heck in the opposite direction!

I had been taking these reccomended large doses for approx two weeks back then per Doctor 'Quack's' order.... I have been hooked after the first week....and now currently desperately trying to get off of it with only marginal success!!

I have been on this Prednisone crap for some 49 days, currently and desperately trying to get off of it....with terrible side effects!! I have experienced every side effect known to the Devil himself and even discovered some new ones that I never knew was possible!? Case in point! I can't sleep night after night without terrible withdrawals all night long!!! I am forced to contend with them every night here. Not to mention I fight the withdrawals all days long too. I have this inept doctor and I am sorry I even went to him in the first place...!

The withdrawals I am now getting are harder to deal with than the original chest pain itself!!! Not to mention even eating the so-called 'wrong' foods sets off even more withdrawals almost immediately. I am now extremely sensitive to light and the sun~ not to mention.....noise....and stress....

I am much sicker from this Quack Doctor's so-called "HELP" than I ever was before....

I don't mind saying his name and trying to steer everyone away from this jerk Doctor here in Las Vegas who takes advantage of people in pain when they are desperate by feeding them toxic poisons and passing the poison off as something harmless thats gonna help them??? Just ask me who he is and I will tell you. I have no qualms about it....

Bottom line is I have spent this last month trying to get off this crap and I just found out that the withdrawals may bother me up to a YEAR after I take my last dose of this crap poison!! I have been going thru H***!!! A nightmare I would LOVE to pass onto this Quack who pretends to be a doctor!

I am down to about 7.5 mg per day now from about 180 mg that he gave me originally Sept 14 2007. Believe me this was not easy thing for me to do. I went "Toxic" on this drug weeks ago and it has affected my ability to process, think and reason properly. I feel like part of my mind is now missing or went on permanent vacation!! Dizziness,feeling like I'm gonna pass out, Brain Fog and Mass Confusion is the order for the day~depending on the time of day???

"The side effects of prednisone include adrenal suppression, which can occur with periods of prednisone use to surpass seven days. Adrenal suppression refers to the body’s inability to synthesize natural corticosteroids, resulting in a dependency on the prednisone taken by the patient. This is why doctors do not recommend the cessation of prednisone when the patient has taken it for longer than seven days. They reduce the dose gradually over a few days in the case of short-term prednisone use, and over weeks or months in the case of long-term treatment. Stopping prednisone treatment abruptly can cause the life-threatening Addison’s disease, in which in the body no longer produces sufficient amounts of adrenal steroid hormones"

I want to SUE this Doctor for making me this sick!!!!!

SDR

GRRRRRRRRRrrrrr!!!!!!!

I had a kidney removed due to cancer and was told that it was removed in time before spreading. Now, after experiencing fatigue, it turns out I have some type of Addison's disease (low aldosterone). The doctor told me it may have been caused by the trauma of the surgery when they removed the adrenal gland from the top of the diseased kidney. I am now on Prednisone 180 mg for three days and then weaning off by day nine. I have a pounding heartbeat and can't seem to contain my tears. Has anyone else heard of this type of reaction following nephrectomy? Is this a high dose of Prednisone? I weigh 160lbs.
P

Anti Androgen and Anti-Mineralocortoid Properties of Yasmin's Ingredients:

While I continue learning about Yasmin and its "unique" properties and ingredients, wanted to share some other information that I thought could be helpful for other women here. It really is a bit of a puzzle learning about all these things, what they mean to our bodies and why we experienced some of the many side effects that we did while taking it or in the healing coming off of it.

Two acting effects in Yasmin are anti-mineralocortoid (diasperonone) and anti-androgenic effects (Spironolactone). While this is something most of us don't read about or understand about one of the many ways Yasmin works, I think it is really important in the larger picture-putting together the many ways in which the ingredients may act upon our bodies:

MINERALOCORTOID
(Yasmin has ANTI-mineralocortoid function/effects):

Mineralocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones characterised by their similarity to aldosterone and their influence on salt and water balance. (note Yasmin has diasperonone as an acting ingredient which acts as a potassium sparing diuretic.)

The primary endogenous mineralocorticoid is aldosterone. Yasmin has anti-aldosterone properties. Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to provide active reabsorption of sodium and an an associated passive reabsorption of water, as well as the active secretion of potassium. Note: Yasmin has diasperonone that is a potassium sparing diuretic. This in turn results in an increase of BLOOD PRESSURE and BLOOD VOLUME.

Aldosterone is produced in the cortex of the adrenal gland its secretion is mediated principally by angiotensin II, but also by ACTH (adrenocoritotrophic hormone) and local potassium levels.

Hyperaldosteronism (the symtpom caused by elevated aldosterone) often shows up as:

1. Hypertension-high blood pressure. High blood pressure that is arterial in nature gives a higher risk of heart attack or stroke than any other disease. Persistent hypertension/high blood pressure is one of the risk factors for strokes, heart attacks, heart failure and arterial aneurysm, and is a leading cause of chronic renal failure (which means chronic kidney failure)

2. Accelerated excretion oif potassium ions. With extreme K+ loss (note Yasmin has potassium sparing diuretic), ther is muscle weakness and eventually paralysis

Underproduction, or hypoaldosteronism, leads to the salt wasting state associated with Addison's disease (also known as chronic adrenal insufficiency or hypocortisolism) is a rare endocrine disorder in the body produces insufficient amounts of adrenal steroid hormones (glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids) (note Yasmin has anti-mineralocorticoid effect)-it is essentially the inability of the Adrenal Gland to produce adquate amounts of CORTISOL in response to stress. This is an Endocrine discorder caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood. Cortisol is released from the adrenal gland in response to ACTH being released from the pituitary gland in the brain. Or..

HYPOADRENIA/ADRENAL FATIGUE:
The adrenal glands are part of the body's mechanism for short term stress response and management. (Note Yasmin's effect on adrenal glands). They are involved in the production of the hormone adrenaline (also known as EPINEPHRINE **-the famous fight or flight chemical released in stressful situations which increases the body's metabolic energy regulation and control system-and thus control to an extent the energy available to body systems.

Theorized by alternative medical practictionerS that under conditions of long term stress, the adrenal glands can become less responsive to circumstance and cease to function optimally leading to a wide* but slightly vauge range of FATIGUE AND STRESS RELATED CONDITIONS including a greater likelihood of psychological conditions such as depression and possibly certain other mood disorders.

SYMPTOMS OF ADRENAL FATIGUE:
1) DEPLETION OF ENERGY
2) LOSS OF RESILIENCE
3) FATIGUE
4) NERVOUSNESS
5) ANXIETY
6) EXACERBATED PMS
7) DEPRESSION
BRAIN FOG
9) CARBOHYDRATE CRAVINGS
10) ALLERGIES
11) MUSCULAR PAIN
12) JOINT PAIN
13) IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

Does this set off any bells or what ladies ? Very likely makes taking an Adrenal Function test as well as seeing an Endocrinologist.

CORTICOSTEROIDS:
Additionally, the corticosteroids functions, prodcued in the adrenal cortex include that of stress response, immune response, regulation of inflammation*, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels and behavior. Interesting is the fact that Yasmin's side effects include trouble with colds and flu, "nervousness", insulin resistance (which is carbohydrate/sugar intolerance), -good likelihood for creating an imbalance in our electrolytes-which are minerals due to the potassium sparing diuretic. If you were like me, reading through this was unbelievable to me.

Yasmin's ANTI-ANDROGEN is Spironolactone
Synthetic steroid which is commonly used as a diuretic or as an Anti-androgen. -Potassium sparing diuretic. This on its own is a weak diuretic. Due to its anti-androgenic effect, it is common component in hormone therapy for male-to-female Transsexual and transgendered people and is also used for treating hair loss and acne in women....hmmm. Why then I wonder some women report the hair loss. It is marketed as a drug to treat acne.

Spironolactone inhibits the effects of aldosterone by competing for intracelluar aldosterone receptor. This increases the secretion of water and sodium, while decreasing the excretion of potassium. Spironolactone has a fairly slow onset of action, taking several days to develop and similarly the effect diminishes slowly.

ADVERSE REACTIONS TO SPIRONOLACTONE:
include menstrual irregularities and testicular atrophy, ataxia, erectile dysfunction , drowsiness and rashes*. A carcinogenic effect has been demonstrated in rats. Carcinogen is a term that refers to any substance or radiation which is an agent directly involved in the promotion of cancer or in faciliation of its propagation.

ATAXIA:
Steady and clumsy motion of the limbs or torso due to failure of the gross coordination of muscle movements. This often occurs when parts of the nervous system that control movement are damaged. People with ataxia experience a failure of muscle control in their arms and legs.

There is loads to consider on this front and lots of information available. I hope that this is helpful as you make your way through both understanding what some of your symptoms may be as well as informing/sharing your knowledge with a chosen medical practictioner.

Recommended for Adrenal Support:
Panthonene, B6, Zinc, magnesium and Vitamin C as they play a critical role in the optimal functioning of the adrenal gland and in the manufacture of adrenal hormones (which are suppressed taking Yasmin).

Take a look at:
Siberian and Panax Ginsengs

panthothenic acid

Ashwagandha
provides adrenal and immune support

Astralagus
in New Chapter Organic's multi and many other vitamins-used historically for strenghtening and regulating the immune system-as a tonic

Shisandra
improves immune function, increasing physical performance and endurance and for increasing resistance to disease and distress. Also possibly effective for increasing concentration due to the variety of lignans found in the fruit.

Maca-Peruvian Ginseng-
used for chronic fatigue syndrome, enhancing energy and stamina. In the female reproductive system, its use for enhancing fertility, regulating the menstrual cycle, treating common menopause symptoms and to increase libido. Its benefits have been known to the people of Peru for many generations.

Androgens are the precursor of all estrogens (the female sex hormones). the primary and most well known androgen is testosterone.

A subset of androgens, called adrenal androgens, includes any of 19-carbon steroids synthesized by the adrenal cortex, the outer portion of the adrenal gland that function as weak steroids or steroid precursors, including DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone), and androstenedione. Because Yasmin's ingredients have an anti-androgen effect that effect our adrenal glands-women with adrenal problems are advised not to take it.

Besides testesterone (which is responsible for sexual libido/function), other androgens include:

1) DHEA
(dehydroepiandrosterone: -a steroid hormone produced from cholesterol in the adrenal cortex which is the primary precursor of natural estrogens.

2) Androstenedione (Andro)-
an androgenic steroid, which is produced in the testes, adrenal cortex and ovaries*. While androstenediones are converted metabolically to testosterone and other androgens, they are also the parent structure of estrone. Estrone is an estrogenic hormone secreted by our ovaries. It is one of three estrogens which also include estriol and estradiol. Estrone is the least prevalent of the three hormones, estradiol being prevalent almost always in the female body, estriol being prevalent primarily during pregnancy.

3) Androstenediol:
the steroid metabolite that is thought to act as the main regulator of gonadotropin secretion-protein hormones secreted by gonadotrope cells of the pituitary gland. The two principle gonadotropins are LUTENIZING HORMONE (LH) and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH)-both of these are what are naturally release by our bodies on a monthly cycle are part of natural menstruation. The third human gonadotropin is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by our placentas during pregnancy.

4) Androsterone:
a chemical by-product created during the breakdown of of androgens-or derived from progesterone -that also exerts minor masculnizsing effects, but with one seventh the intensity of testesterone.

5) DHT Dihydrotestosterone-
a metabolite of testosterone that is actually a more potent androgen in that it binds more strongly to androgen receptors.

FUNCTIONS OF ANDROGENS:
(keep in mind Yasmin has anti-androgenic properties):

Muscle mass:
Androgens promote the enlargement of skeletal muscle cells and probably act in a coordinated manner to enhance muscle function. (note: how many of us have experienced muscle fatigue and that Asthenia-was experienced by women in the Clinical Trials.

BRAIN:
Circulating levels of androgens can influence human behavior because some neurons are sensitive to steroid hormones. Androgen levels have been implicated in the regulation of human AGGRESSION and LIBIDO. Note, Yasmin's ingredients have anti-androgenic effects. That means essentially translates as suppressing the effects that androgen has in our bodies to regulate aggression and sexual libido...

Okay, so I think I may have stumbled on something more.....for all of you out there who have expeirenced the irregular heart rhythms....here's more on what I found in research about potassium. I learned that this was one of the greatest risks of Yasmin...but had no idea I was at 5.7 in blood tests just confirmed this morning after 3 months of being off of Yasmin and just last Dec. 2005-it was 4.7? So now, I am starting to wonder if my Adrenal Glands may not be doing their job as noted below to the release of adolsterone?

Why is the Test Performed?

Potassium (K+) is the major positive ion within cells and is particularly important for maintaining the electric charge on the cell membrane. This charge allows nerves and muscles to communicate and is necessary for transporting nutrients into cells and waste products out of the cell. The concentration of potassium inside cells is about 30 times that in the blood and other fluids outside of cells.

Potassium levels are mainly controlled by the steroid hormone aldosterone. (For more information see the aldosterone test.) Aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal gland when levels of potassium increase. Aldosterone, in turn, causes the body to rid itself of the excess potassium.

Metabolic acidosis (for example, caused by uncontrolled diabetes) or alkalosis (for example, caused by excess vomiting) can affect blood potassium.

Small changes in the potassium concentration outside cells can have substantial effects on the activity of nerves and muscles. This is particularly true of heart muscle. Low levels of potassium cause increased activity (which can lead to an irregular heartbeat), whereas high levels cause decreased activity. Either situation can lead to cardiac arrest in some circumstances.

In normal people, taking potassium supplements or potassium-containing drugs is of no consequences, because the kidneys efficiently dispose of excess potassium.

Potassium

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Pronunciations









albuterol

aldosterone

angiotensin

dialysis

digoxin

electrolytes

Fanconi's syndrome

hyperkalemia

hypokalemia

polyp

spironolactone

terbutaline

theophylline

Most of the body's potassium is located inside the cells. Potassium is necessary for the normal functioning of cells, nerves, and muscles.

The level of potassium in the blood must be maintained within a narrow range. A potassium level that is too high or too low can have serious consequences, such as an abnormal heart rhythm or even cardiac arrest. The potassium stored within the cells can be used by the body to help maintain a constant level of potassium in the blood.

Potassium balance is achieved by matching the amount of potassium taken in with the amount lost. Potassium is taken in through food and electrolyte-containing drinks and lost primarily in urine, although some potassium is also lost through the digestive tract and in sweat. Healthy kidneys are able to adjust the excretion of potassium to match changes in dietary intake. Some drugs and certain conditions affect the movement of potassium into and out of cells, which greatly influences the potassium level in the blood.

Hypokalemia
In hypokalemia, the level of potassium in the blood is too low. Excessive potassium loss usually results from vomiting, diarrhea, chronic laxative use, or colon polyps. Very occasionally, excessive loss results from excessive sweating in conditions of extreme heat and humidity. Many foods contain potassium, so hypokalemia is rarely caused by too little intake in people who eat a balanced diet.

There are several reasons why potassium may be lost in the urine. By far the most common is the use of diuretics that cause the kidneys to excrete excess sodium, water, and potassium. In Cushing's syndrome, the adrenal glands produce excess amounts of aldosterone, a hormone that causes the kidneys to excrete large amounts of potassium (see Adrenal Gland Disorders: Cushing's Syndrome). Excessive potassium is also excreted by people who eat large amounts of licorice or chew certain types of tobacco. People with Liddle's syndrome (see Tubular and Cystic Kidney Disorders: Liddle's Syndrome), Bartter's syndrome (see Tubular and Cystic Kidney Disorders: Bartter's Syndrome), and Fanconi's syndrome (see Tubular and Cystic Kidney Disorders: Fanconi's Syndrome) have rare defects that interfere with the kidneys' ability to conserve potassium.

Certain drugs (such as insulin

and the antiasthmatic drugs albuterol

, terbutaline

, and theophylline

) increase the movement of potassium into the cells and can result in hypokalemia. However, use of these drugs is rarely the sole cause of hypokalemia.

A mild decrease in the potassium level in the blood usually causes no symptoms. A more severe decrease can cause muscle weakness, twitches, and even paralysis. Abnormal heart rhythms may develop, especially in people with heart disease. Even mild hypokalemia is dangerous in people taking the heart drug digoxin

. The diagnosis is made by determining that the potassium level in the blood is low.

Potassium usually can be replaced by eating potassium-rich foods or by taking potassium supplements by mouth. Because potassium can irritate the digestive tract, supplements should be taken in small doses with food several times a day rather than in a single large dose. Special types of potassium supplements, such as wax-impregnated or microencapsulated potassium chloride, are much less likely to irritate the digestive tract.

Most people who take diuretics do not need to take potassium supplements. Nevertheless, doctors periodically check the potassium level in the blood so that the drug regimen can be altered if necessary. Alternatively, potassium-conserving diuretics (such as triamterene

, amiloride

, or spironolactone

) can be added to the diuretic therapy, but only in people whose kidneys are functioning normally.

Hyperkalemia
In hyperkalemia, the level of potassium in the blood is too high. Hyperkalemia usually results when the kidneys do not excrete enough potassium. Probably the most common cause of mild hyperkalemia is the use of drugs that decrease blood flow to the kidneys or prevent the kidneys from excreting normal amounts of potassium. Such drugs include triamterene

, spironolactone

, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Hyperkalemia can also be caused by Addison's disease, in which the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient amounts of the hormone aldosterone, which stimulates the kidneys to excrete potassium (see Adrenal Gland Disorders: Addison's Disease). Kidney failure can result in severe hyperkalemia.

Hyperkalemia can also result when a large amount of potassium is suddenly released from the cells. A sudden release of potassium from the cells can result from crush injuries (involving the destruction of large amounts of muscle tissue), severe burns, or overdoses of crack cocaine. The rapid movement of potassium from the cells into the bloodstream can overwhelm the kidneys and result in life-threatening hyperkalemia.

Mild hyperkalemia causes few, if any, symptoms. Usually, hyperkalemia is first detected when routine blood tests are performed or when a doctor notices changes on an electrocardiogram. A high level of potassium in the blood is dangerous. It can cause the heart rhythm to become abnormal. If the level is very high, the heart can stop beating.

For mild hyperkalemia, reducing the potassium intake or discontinuing drugs that prevent the kidneys from excreting potassium may be the only treatment that is needed. If the kidneys are functioning, a diuretic may be given to increase potassium excretion.

For severe hyperkalemia, immediate treatment is essential. A resin that absorbs potassium from the digestive tract and passes out of the body in the stool can be given by mouth or enema. When this treatment is given, doctors also induce diarrhea so that the resin, with potassium absorbed into it, is quickly expelled.

When more rapid treatment is needed, the person may be given an intravenous solution containing calcium, glucose, or insulin

. Calcium helps protect the heart from the effects of a high potassium level but does not actually affect the potassium level. This protective effect lasts only a few minutes. Glucose and insulin

drive potassium from the blood into the cells, thus lowering the potassium level in the blood. If these measures do not work or if a person has kidney failure, dialysis may be necessary to remove the excess potassium.

PS to Guest, #12572;

For sadness (depression etc) ; B vitamins and exercise are a great all-natural way to "help" combat the side effects you are experiencing. Vitamin C will also help.

B1; Plays a key role in the body's metabolic cycle for generating energy
B2; promotes general health
B3; increases energy through proper utilization of food, maintains the nervous system
B5 thru 11; improve the body's resistance to stress, helps the adrenal glands (the temporary loss of normal function in the adrenals is one of the most common effects of prednisone)
B12; low levels cause depression

Exercise stimulates the good endorphins and over all feelings of well being.

Because Prednisone can cause havoc on the adrenal glands, it is suggested that people do everything they can to support the adrenals during and after prednisone therapy;
(The adrenal glands secrete several important hormones that help maintain the balance of many body functions. Stress, fasting, temperature changes, infections, drugs such as prednisone, and exercise all stimulate the adrenals to release their hormones. When the adrenals release too few or too many hormones, the body responds differently to the everyday stresses of life.
The adrenal cortex is involved in the production of glucocorticoids (such as cortisol i.e. hydrocortisone), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) and androgens such as androstenedione and DHEA. A mild to moderate adrenocortical deficiency can substantially reduce your quality of life, yet this condition is not recognized by most doctors, who only think of the adrenal gland's condition as being at either extreme - normal or in overt failure.
Symptoms of adrenal deficiency include depression, irratibility, fatigue, and exaggerated stress responses.

We need to remember that while taking prednisone, we were actually supplementing our own cortisol production and levels and it might take some time for our own cortisol productions to return to normal.

Best Wishes