Blood volume symptoms and conditions

I just started taking Toprol XL 50 mg about a week ago. I feel a little confused though on the doctor's judgment. I have a slow pulse (tends to run in the forties) from running a few miles a day and have mild hypotension. I was dizzy, lightheaded, fainted a few times, blurred vision, shortness of breath, chest palpitations and chest pain. My pulse would go from 35 to 170 just by standing and walking ten feet. The doctors determined I have what is known as POTS Disease, even though i suffered some of these symptoms lying down. Although the Toprol is helping with my palpitations and chest pain, it makes my resting heart rate and blood pressure even slower. Doesn't that seem dangerous, seeing as it's already low for even an athlete? My symptoms seem to be remaining the same besides that (which I guess is good seeing as Toprol can cause my symptoms, therefore I thought my dizziness, etc. may get worse). It's causing trouble sleeping, vomiting, cold feet and fingers.

Two acting effects in Yasmin are:
ANTI-MINERALOCORTOID (Diasperonone)
and
ANTI-ANDROGENS (Spironolactone)

MINERALOCORTOID
(Yasmin has ANTI-mineralocortoid function/effects):
-----------
Mineralocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones characterised by their similarity to aldosterone and their influence on salt and water balance. (note Yasmin has diasperonone as an acting ingredient which acts as a potassium sparing diuretic.)

The primary endogenous mineralocorticoid is aldosterone. Yasmin has anti-aldosterone properties.

Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to provide active reabsorption of sodium and an an associated passive reabsorption of water, as well as the active secretion of potassium.
Note: Yasmin has diasperonone that is a potassium sparing diuretic. This in turn results in an increase of BLOOD PRESSURE and BLOOD VOLUME.

Aldosterone is produced in the cortex of the adrenal gland its secretion is mediated principally by angiotensin II, but also by ACTH (adrenocoritotrophic hormone) and local potassium levels.

Hyperaldosteronism (the symtpom caused by elevated aldosterone) often shows up as:
-------------------
1. Hypertension-high blood pressure. High blood pressure that is arterial in nature gives a higher risk of heart attack or stroke than any other disease. Persistent hypertension/high blood pressure is one of the risk factors for strokes, heart attacks, heart failure and arterial aneurysm, and is a leading cause of chronic renal failure (which means chronic kidney failure)

2. Accelerated excretion of potassium ions. With extreme K+ loss (note Yasmin has potassium sparing diuretic), there is muscle weakness and eventually paralysis

Underproduction, or Hypoaldosteronism:
-----------------------------
leads to the salt wasting state associated with ADDISON'S DISEASE (also known as chronic adrenal insufficiency or hypocortisolism):
is a rare endocrine disorder in the body produces insufficient amounts of adrenal steroid hormones (glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids) (note Yasmin has anti-mineralocorticoid effect)-it is essentially the inability of the Adrenal Gland to produce adquate amounts of CORTISOL in response to stress. This is an Endocrine discorder caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood. Cortisol is released from the adrenal gland in response to ACTH being released from the pituitary gland in the brain. Or..

HYPOADRENIA/ADRENAL FATIGUE:
-----------------------------------
The adrenal glands are part of the body's mechanism for short term stress response and management. (Note Yasmin's effect on adrenal glands). They are involved in the production of the hormone adrenaline (also known as EPINEPHRINE **-the famous fight or flight chemical released in stressful situations which increases the body's metabolic energy regulation and control system-and thus control to an extent the energy available to body systems.

Theorized by alternative medical practictionerS that under conditions of long term stress, the adrenal glands can become less responsive to circumstance and cease to function optimally leading to a wide* but slightly vauge range of FATIGUE AND STRESS RELATED CONDITIONS including a greater likelihood of psychological conditions such as depression and possibly certain other mood disorders.

SYMPTOMS OF ADRENAL FATIGUE:
------------------------------------------------------
1) DEPLETION OF ENERGY
2) LOSS OF RESILIENCE
3) FATIGUE
4) NERVOUSNESS
5) ANXIETY
6) EXACERBATED PMS
7) DEPRESSION
8) BRAIN FOG
9) CARBOHYDRATE CRAVINGS
10) ALLERGIES
11) MUSCULAR PAIN
12) JOINT PAIN
13) IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

CORTICOSTEROIDS:
(Yasmin's ingredients contain anti-mineralocortoid)
----------------------------------------------
Additionally, the corticosteroids functions, produced in the adrenal cortex include that of stress response, immune response, regulation of inflammation*, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels and behavior.

Yasmin's listing of possible side effects include trouble with:
-colds and flu
-"nervousness"-not "anxiety" but "nervousness" -insulin resistance (which is carbohydrate/sugar intolerance),

Yasmin's ANTI-ANDROGEN is Spironolactone:
Synthetic steroid which is commonly used as a diuretic or as an Anti-androgen. Potassium sparing diuretic.
-------------------
This on its own is a weak diuretic. Due to its anti-androgenic effect, it is common component in hormone therapy for male-to-female Transsexual and transgendered people and is also used for treating hair loss and acne in women.

Spironolactone inhibits the effects of aldosterone by competing for intracelluar aldosterone receptor. This increases the secretion of water and sodium, while decreasing the excretion of potassium. Spironolactone has a fairly slow onset of action, taking several days to develop and similarly the effect diminishes slowly.

ADVERSE REACTIONS TO SPIRONOLACTONE:
---------------------------------------
-menstrual irregularities and testicular atrophy
-ataxia-muscle weakness/atrophy
-erectile dysfunction
-drowsiness
and rashes*.
A carcinogenic effect has been demonstrated in rats. Carcinogen is a term that refers to any substance or radiation which is an agent directly involved in the promotion of cancer or in faciliation of its propagation.

ATAXIA:
-------------
Steady and clumsy motion of the limbs or torso due to failure of the gross coordination of muscle movements. This often occurs when parts of the nervous system that control movement are damaged. People with ataxia experience a failure of muscle control in their arms and legs.

Androgens are the precursor of all estrogens (the female sex hormones). the primary and most well known androgen is testosterone.

A subset of androgens, called adrenal androgens, includes any of 19-carbon steroids synthesized by the adrenal cortex, the outer portion of the adrenal gland that function as weak steroids or steroid precursors, including DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone), and androstenedione. Because Yasmin's ingredients have an anti-androgen effect that effect our adrenal glands-women with adrenal problems are advised not to take it.

Besides testesterone (which is responsible for sexual libido/function), other androgens include:

1) DHEA
(dehydroepiandrosterone: -a steroid hormone produced from cholesterol in the adrenal cortex which is the primary precursor of natural estrogens.

2) Androstenedione (Andro)-
an androgenic steroid, which is produced in the testes, adrenal cortex and ovaries*. While androstenediones are converted metabolically to testosterone and other androgens, they are also the parent structure of estrone. Estrone is an estrogenic hormone secreted by our ovaries. It is one of three estrogens which also include estriol and estradiol. Estrone is the least prevalent of the three hormones, estradiol being prevalent almost always in the female body, estriol being prevalent primarily during pregnancy.

3) Androstenediol:
the steroid metabolite that is thought to act as the main regulator of gonadotropin secretion-protein hormones secreted by gonadotrope cells of the pituitary gland. The two principle gonadotropins are LUTENIZING HORMONE (LH) and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH)-both of these are what are naturally release by our bodies on a monthly cycle are part of natural menstruation. The third human gonadotropin is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by our placentas during pregnancy.

4) Androsterone:
a chemical by-product created during the breakdown of of androgens-or derived from progesterone -that also exerts minor masculnizsing effects, but with one seventh the intensity of testesterone.

5) DHT Dihydrotestosterone-
a metabolite of testosterone that is actually a more potent androgen in that it binds more strongly to androgen receptors.

FUNCTIONS OF ANDROGENS:
(keep in mind Yasmin has anti-androgenic properties):

Muscle mass:
Androgens promote the enlargement of skeletal muscle cells and probably act in a coordinated manner to enhance muscle function.

BRAIN:
Circulating levels of androgens can influence human behavior because some neurons are sensitive to steroid hormones. Androgen levels have been implicated in the regulation of human AGGRESSION and LIBIDO.
Note, Yasmin's ingredients have anti-androgenic effects. That means essentially translates as suppressing the effects that androgen has in our bodies to regulate aggression and sexual libido...

I started taking Toprol XL after being diagnosed with SVT back in May of 2003. I was only in my late 20's & was very trusting, at the time. I was recently sent to a cardiologist because I was having horrible chest pain & the Toprol XL 50 MG wasn't working at keeping the heart rate down. The GP put me on a double dose as well as Cardizem to help with the chest pain & rapid heart rate. I was already on Lanoxin 0.5MG, the highest dose allowed. The cardiologist took me off of the Cardizem right away because he said that is was too stressful for the heart to be on that much heart medicine. I went though several tests & was told by the cardiologist that I didn't have SVT & that this was actually Postural Tachycardia (POTS) & Neurocardiogenic Syncope. I was taken off of Lanoxin, but kept on Toprol XL 100 MG. He put me on lots of salt & water to increase my blood volume which would help my blood pressure when standing. That was in June of 2007. All went pretty good, I thought, until January 18, 2008 when I was working. My heart rate went up to 136 just standing or walking across a room. I called the doctor & talked to a nurse who suggested that I take another 1/2 of a Toprol. I did that & felt better for awhile, but it was short lived. I had been having chest pain, rapid heart rate, fatigue, muscle pain, joint pain, headaches, nausea, vomiting, short term memory problems, rapid weight gain, hair loss, cold extremities, & other things I can't think of right now for what seemed like forever. My gynecologist & my cardiologist first thought that I had thyroid problems, but all tests have come back negative. They then thought that maybe it was from the birth control pills that I had been on for the ovarian cysts. I was changed from one medicine to another & at first I thought that was what was wrong. I am now certain that all of the problems that I have been having were & are a result of the Toprol XL. I was even told that all the problems were "psychiatric in nature". I know that that isn't it at all! I have never had anxiety problems & the GP now thinks that's all that is wrong with me & wants me to go on Zoloft. I tried it, but became so ill that after one pill, I quit. I now plan on weaning myself off of the Toprol XL without the GP's knowledge or consent. The cardiologist was planning on weaning me off at some time in the future, but I am starting without him knowing it at the time. I'll just tell him when I see him next month. Thanks everyone for alerting me to the facts about this medicine. If I had known then what I do now, I'd have never consented to starting it in the first place. My only question is, are some of the "side effects" going to be a permanent thing for me or will they eventually go away? Any advice would be welcome! Thanks again!

Anti Androgen and Anti-Mineralocortoid Properties of Yasmin's Ingredients:

While I continue learning about Yasmin and its "unique" properties and ingredients, wanted to share some other information that I thought could be helpful for other women here. It really is a bit of a puzzle learning about all these things, what they mean to our bodies and why we experienced some of the many side effects that we did while taking it or in the healing coming off of it.

Two acting effects in Yasmin are anti-mineralocortoid (diasperonone) and anti-androgenic effects (Spironolactone). While this is something most of us don't read about or understand about one of the many ways Yasmin works, I think it is really important in the larger picture-putting together the many ways in which the ingredients may act upon our bodies:

MINERALOCORTOID
(Yasmin has ANTI-mineralocortoid function/effects):

Mineralocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones characterised by their similarity to aldosterone and their influence on salt and water balance. (note Yasmin has diasperonone as an acting ingredient which acts as a potassium sparing diuretic.)

The primary endogenous mineralocorticoid is aldosterone. Yasmin has anti-aldosterone properties. Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to provide active reabsorption of sodium and an an associated passive reabsorption of water, as well as the active secretion of potassium. Note: Yasmin has diasperonone that is a potassium sparing diuretic. This in turn results in an increase of BLOOD PRESSURE and BLOOD VOLUME.

Aldosterone is produced in the cortex of the adrenal gland its secretion is mediated principally by angiotensin II, but also by ACTH (adrenocoritotrophic hormone) and local potassium levels.

Hyperaldosteronism (the symtpom caused by elevated aldosterone) often shows up as:

1. Hypertension-high blood pressure. High blood pressure that is arterial in nature gives a higher risk of heart attack or stroke than any other disease. Persistent hypertension/high blood pressure is one of the risk factors for strokes, heart attacks, heart failure and arterial aneurysm, and is a leading cause of chronic renal failure (which means chronic kidney failure)

2. Accelerated excretion oif potassium ions. With extreme K+ loss (note Yasmin has potassium sparing diuretic), ther is muscle weakness and eventually paralysis

Underproduction, or hypoaldosteronism, leads to the salt wasting state associated with Addison's disease (also known as chronic adrenal insufficiency or hypocortisolism) is a rare endocrine disorder in the body produces insufficient amounts of adrenal steroid hormones (glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids) (note Yasmin has anti-mineralocorticoid effect)-it is essentially the inability of the Adrenal Gland to produce adquate amounts of CORTISOL in response to stress. This is an Endocrine discorder caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood. Cortisol is released from the adrenal gland in response to ACTH being released from the pituitary gland in the brain. Or..

HYPOADRENIA/ADRENAL FATIGUE:
The adrenal glands are part of the body's mechanism for short term stress response and management. (Note Yasmin's effect on adrenal glands). They are involved in the production of the hormone adrenaline (also known as EPINEPHRINE **-the famous fight or flight chemical released in stressful situations which increases the body's metabolic energy regulation and control system-and thus control to an extent the energy available to body systems.

Theorized by alternative medical practictionerS that under conditions of long term stress, the adrenal glands can become less responsive to circumstance and cease to function optimally leading to a wide* but slightly vauge range of FATIGUE AND STRESS RELATED CONDITIONS including a greater likelihood of psychological conditions such as depression and possibly certain other mood disorders.

SYMPTOMS OF ADRENAL FATIGUE:
1) DEPLETION OF ENERGY
2) LOSS OF RESILIENCE
3) FATIGUE
4) NERVOUSNESS
5) ANXIETY
6) EXACERBATED PMS
7) DEPRESSION
BRAIN FOG
9) CARBOHYDRATE CRAVINGS
10) ALLERGIES
11) MUSCULAR PAIN
12) JOINT PAIN
13) IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

Does this set off any bells or what ladies ? Very likely makes taking an Adrenal Function test as well as seeing an Endocrinologist.

CORTICOSTEROIDS:
Additionally, the corticosteroids functions, prodcued in the adrenal cortex include that of stress response, immune response, regulation of inflammation*, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels and behavior. Interesting is the fact that Yasmin's side effects include trouble with colds and flu, "nervousness", insulin resistance (which is carbohydrate/sugar intolerance), -good likelihood for creating an imbalance in our electrolytes-which are minerals due to the potassium sparing diuretic. If you were like me, reading through this was unbelievable to me.

Yasmin's ANTI-ANDROGEN is Spironolactone
Synthetic steroid which is commonly used as a diuretic or as an Anti-androgen. -Potassium sparing diuretic. This on its own is a weak diuretic. Due to its anti-androgenic effect, it is common component in hormone therapy for male-to-female Transsexual and transgendered people and is also used for treating hair loss and acne in women....hmmm. Why then I wonder some women report the hair loss. It is marketed as a drug to treat acne.

Spironolactone inhibits the effects of aldosterone by competing for intracelluar aldosterone receptor. This increases the secretion of water and sodium, while decreasing the excretion of potassium. Spironolactone has a fairly slow onset of action, taking several days to develop and similarly the effect diminishes slowly.

ADVERSE REACTIONS TO SPIRONOLACTONE:
include menstrual irregularities and testicular atrophy, ataxia, erectile dysfunction , drowsiness and rashes*. A carcinogenic effect has been demonstrated in rats. Carcinogen is a term that refers to any substance or radiation which is an agent directly involved in the promotion of cancer or in faciliation of its propagation.

ATAXIA:
Steady and clumsy motion of the limbs or torso due to failure of the gross coordination of muscle movements. This often occurs when parts of the nervous system that control movement are damaged. People with ataxia experience a failure of muscle control in their arms and legs.

There is loads to consider on this front and lots of information available. I hope that this is helpful as you make your way through both understanding what some of your symptoms may be as well as informing/sharing your knowledge with a chosen medical practictioner.

Recommended for Adrenal Support:
Panthonene, B6, Zinc, magnesium and Vitamin C as they play a critical role in the optimal functioning of the adrenal gland and in the manufacture of adrenal hormones (which are suppressed taking Yasmin).

Take a look at:
Siberian and Panax Ginsengs

panthothenic acid

Ashwagandha
provides adrenal and immune support

Astralagus
in New Chapter Organic's multi and many other vitamins-used historically for strenghtening and regulating the immune system-as a tonic

Shisandra
improves immune function, increasing physical performance and endurance and for increasing resistance to disease and distress. Also possibly effective for increasing concentration due to the variety of lignans found in the fruit.

Maca-Peruvian Ginseng-
used for chronic fatigue syndrome, enhancing energy and stamina. In the female reproductive system, its use for enhancing fertility, regulating the menstrual cycle, treating common menopause symptoms and to increase libido. Its benefits have been known to the people of Peru for many generations.

Androgens are the precursor of all estrogens (the female sex hormones). the primary and most well known androgen is testosterone.

A subset of androgens, called adrenal androgens, includes any of 19-carbon steroids synthesized by the adrenal cortex, the outer portion of the adrenal gland that function as weak steroids or steroid precursors, including DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone), and androstenedione. Because Yasmin's ingredients have an anti-androgen effect that effect our adrenal glands-women with adrenal problems are advised not to take it.

Besides testesterone (which is responsible for sexual libido/function), other androgens include:

1) DHEA
(dehydroepiandrosterone: -a steroid hormone produced from cholesterol in the adrenal cortex which is the primary precursor of natural estrogens.

2) Androstenedione (Andro)-
an androgenic steroid, which is produced in the testes, adrenal cortex and ovaries*. While androstenediones are converted metabolically to testosterone and other androgens, they are also the parent structure of estrone. Estrone is an estrogenic hormone secreted by our ovaries. It is one of three estrogens which also include estriol and estradiol. Estrone is the least prevalent of the three hormones, estradiol being prevalent almost always in the female body, estriol being prevalent primarily during pregnancy.

3) Androstenediol:
the steroid metabolite that is thought to act as the main regulator of gonadotropin secretion-protein hormones secreted by gonadotrope cells of the pituitary gland. The two principle gonadotropins are LUTENIZING HORMONE (LH) and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH)-both of these are what are naturally release by our bodies on a monthly cycle are part of natural menstruation. The third human gonadotropin is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by our placentas during pregnancy.

4) Androsterone:
a chemical by-product created during the breakdown of of androgens-or derived from progesterone -that also exerts minor masculnizsing effects, but with one seventh the intensity of testesterone.

5) DHT Dihydrotestosterone-
a metabolite of testosterone that is actually a more potent androgen in that it binds more strongly to androgen receptors.

FUNCTIONS OF ANDROGENS:
(keep in mind Yasmin has anti-androgenic properties):

Muscle mass:
Androgens promote the enlargement of skeletal muscle cells and probably act in a coordinated manner to enhance muscle function. (note: how many of us have experienced muscle fatigue and that Asthenia-was experienced by women in the Clinical Trials.

BRAIN:
Circulating levels of androgens can influence human behavior because some neurons are sensitive to steroid hormones. Androgen levels have been implicated in the regulation of human AGGRESSION and LIBIDO. Note, Yasmin's ingredients have anti-androgenic effects. That means essentially translates as suppressing the effects that androgen has in our bodies to regulate aggression and sexual libido...